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Lovemore Makurirofa–Information, Research and Evaluation Unit – Cancer Association of Zimbabwe
Preventing breast cancer
About a third of the most common cancers, including breast cancer can be prevented by eating a varied and healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight and regular physical activity. It is encouraged to eat a diet containing whole foods that a naturally grown and high in fibre. It is also important to avoid refined foods and highly processed foods as they are high in fats, sugars and salts. Instead concentrate on whole grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, poultry and fish. Also avoid being overweight or obese by exercising regularly at least five (5) times a week for more than 30 minutes.
Alcohol intake must be reduced (to not more than two drinks a day in men and not more than one drink in women), whilst tobacco smoking, sniffing or chewing are to be avoided at all cost.
Also avoid chemical exposure such as pesticides. Managing stress effectively is another important aspect in the prevention of breast cancer as well as other cancers. Getting involved in relaxation classes and stress management techniques is one way of achieving this.
Breast feeding is a protective factor- this is a common practice in Zimbabwe and must be encouraged.
Signs and symptoms of breast cancer
The common symptoms of breast cancer include a lump or thickening in or near the breast or in the underarm. A mass or lump which may feel as small as a pea should be a cause for concern, especially if it is detected during regular breast self-examination.
Look out for changes in the size, shape, or contour of the breast, blood-stained or clear fluid discharge from the nipple, change in the feel or appearance of the skin on the breast or nipple (dimpled, puckered, scaly, or inflamed), redness of the skin on the breast or nipple, a change in shape or position of the nipple.
Other signs include the development of a marble-like hardened area under the skin, an area that is distinctly different from any other area on breast, tingling, itching, increased sensitivity, burning in pain in the breast or nipples, unexplained weight loss as well as persistent fever or chills.
Some of the signs and symptoms may however, be due to other conditions. Visit your nearest health facility if you notice any of these signs and symptoms.
Disclaimer: Lovemore Makurirofa writes on behalf of the Cancer Association of Zimbabwe, however, both the Cancer Association of Zimbabwe and the writer will not be responsible for any damage that may arise from the views expressed in this article. This article is for educational purposes only and is not meant to substitute any health advice that you may get from your health/medical practitioner.
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