Timothy
Business Writer
In a move meant to reduce deforestation, tobacco merchants are with effect from this farming season required to finance a 0,2 hectare – woodlot for every ha they contract to grow the crop, it has been learnt.
Firewood is the principal source of energy for curing tobacco in Zimbabwe. With close to 150 000 farmers, tobacco industry has been largely blamed for massive destruction of the indigenous forests.
“We expect tobacco merchants to comply this year,” Tobacco Industry and Marketing Board chief executive Meanwell Gudu said. Before the land reform programme, which began at the turn of the millennium, coal was the main source of energy for tobacco curing.
However, coal and electricity and the associated infrastructure are beyond the reach of many smallholder farmers. Thus the farmers are left with no option other than indigenous forests.
“Wood continues to be the major source of curing fuel – most of it obtained from unsustainable sources for the tobacco crop,” Zimbabwe Tobacco Association chief executive Rodney Ambrose said.
“Large tracts of forests continue to be depleted at alarming rates with little intervention by any of the authorities or the industry at large. Provision of coal is not a sustainable source and in the near future, tobacco cured with non-sustainable curing fuel may not be accepted by key customers.”
He said alternative curing fuels were needed more urgently than before.
Ambrose said there was little evidence on the effective use of the afforestation levy now in its 6th year.
Tobacco is the country’s largest foreign currency earner after gold. Tobacco farming stands out as one of the biggest empowerment stories not just in the history of Zimbabwe but at a global level.
Prior to the land reform programme tobacco farming was a preserve of large scale commercial farmers with negligible numbers of black farmers. Smallholder black farmers were actively discouraged from producing tobacco as it was said to be too technically challenging for them. When black farmers delivered tobacco to the floors it was sold in what was then termed the “Chitungwiza” sale at punitive prices.
White farmers did not want to share this lucrative cake with the indigenous majority. Prior to land reform about 2000 large scale commercial farmers produced 200 million kgs, an average of 200 tonnes per farmer.
Bongani Ndlovu