Online Reporter
Jacqueline Ntaka, Opinion
DIGITAL literacy is about far more than simply knowing how to use a smartphone. It encompasses the ability to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information using digital technologies. In today’s world, it is a vital skill for navigating social, economic, and civic life. As digital tools become increasingly embedded in everyday activities — from banking and education to healthcare and governance — he ability to use them effectively is no longer optional but essential.
In many Western countries, digital literacy is often taken for granted due to widespread access to high-speed internet, personal devices, and formal education in technology. Most people are proficient in basic tasks such as browsing the internet and using social media. However, the focus has now shifted to more advanced competencies.
These include critical thinking to identify misinformation, understanding data privacy, and acquiring skills such as coding or using complex software. The challenge in these regions is not access but ensuring that people can use technology safely and effectively, and that the skills gap for more advanced digital roles is closed.
In Africa, and in our Zimbabwe, the digital literacy landscape presents a different set of challenges. While mobile phone penetration is relatively high, digital literacy is often limited to basic functions such as mobile money transfers and social media use. Several barriers hinder progress. Access to reliable internet and electricity remains inconsistent, especially in rural areas. The high cost of smartphones, computers, and data bundles makes advanced digital engagement unaffordable for many.
Furthermore, the school curriculum often lacks comprehensive digital education, and there is a shortage of trained teachers and adequate equipment. Socio-economic factors such as poverty and low levels of general literacy further widen the digital divide, making it difficult for many to even begin learning about digital technologies.
Addressing these challenges and increasing digital literacy in Zimbabwe requires a multi-faceted approach that tackles both infrastructure and education. Expanding infrastructure is the foundational step. The Government, in collaboration with the private sector, should invest in extending mobile network coverage and fibre-optic connectivity to under-served areas. Community technology hubs with free or affordable internet access could be established at schools and public libraries to provide access points for learning and innovation.
Integrating digital skills into the education system is equally crucial. Digital literacy should be introduced as a core subject from an early age. This requires equipping schools with computers and training teachers to effectively use and teach digital tools. Beyond formal education, community-based training programmes can play a transformative role. NGOs and local leaders can organise practical workshops on topics such as online banking, using e-government platforms, and recognising online scams. These sessions can be tailored to the specific needs of different groups, such as farmers, small business owners, or the elderly.
Public awareness campaigns are also essential. National campaigns delivered through radio, television, and social media can help demystify digital technology and highlight its benefits. These campaigns should address both the opportunities — such as e-commerce and online education — and the risks, including cyber scams and data breaches, to promote safe and responsible use.
Finally, promoting local innovation can drive adoption and relevance. Encouraging local developers to create mobile applications that are affordable, user-friendly, and tailored to local needs can significantly boost digital engagement. Examples include apps that provide agricultural advice or market price information in local languages, making technology more accessible and useful to everyday users.
l Jacqueline Ntaka is the CEO of Mviyo Technologies, a local tech company that provides custom software development, mobile applications and data analytics solutions. She can be contacted on [email protected]
