GRADE 7: Zvinoshandiswa pakunyora

Ticha Danga
BASA rekutevedzera mitemo yekunyora rinoita kunge jee kana dambe asi kana bvunzo dzasvika ndipo panozoonekwa ngana uyo anga achifanirwa kunge achibuda zvakanaka achizokoromoka. Nekudaro tinoda kubatisisa nyaya iyoyi kuti tidzidze zvizere pamusoro pemitemo yekunyora.

Chatinoda kurangarira zvikuru kuziva kuti kana ukatyora mutemo, ungava upi zvawo unouripira. Zvino kuripira kutyora mitemo yemanyorerwo kazhinji kunounza kukundikana kwako iwe munyori.

Nyaya yekushandiswa kwevara kana kuti “bhii” guru (capital letter) inhau yakakosha zvikuru. Mwana anofanirwa kuva neruzivo rwakakwana pamusoro pemashandisirwo evara kana kuti bhii guru.

Vara guru rinoshandiswa pakuvaka chirevo apo rinonyorwa pekutanga sekuti, “Vakomana vaenda kunofudza mombe.” Vara guru rinoshandiswa zvakare pose panonyorwa zita remunhu, renzvimbo, zuva nemwedzi sekuti, John, Pamela, Harare, Save, Chitatu, Gumiguru kana Zambia kana Zimbabwe.

Paya patinonyora mashoko akataurwa nemunhu, tinoshandisa vara guru pose panotangira mashoko chaiwo anyakutaura sekudai: Ambuya vakati, “Handigari nenyope ini”.

Pane pamwe patinoita matauriro atinoita sekunge tiri kutaura munhu. Kana tonyora tinofanirwa kushandisa mavara makuru kumazita iwayo sekuti; VaDhimba vakanogoka moto kuna VaSavara, kana kuti Tsuro naGudo vakati ngatibikane. Ipapo tinofanira zvakare kubva tacherechedza kuti tinoshandisa zvakare vara guru pose patinonyora chivakashure chekuremekedza. Iwo mazita acho ekuremekedza anotangwa nevara guru. Nokudaro tinoratidza ruremekedzo tichidai: VaDanga, SaManyika, Sahomwe, Sachigaro, Ishe Muneka, Muzvare Tendai, Mutungamiriri kana Mufundisi.

Pekupedzisira panoshandiswa vara guru ndepaya panonyorwa mazita aMwari. Tinonyora sezvizvi: Mwari, Nyadenga, Musikavanhu, Wekumusoro, Samasimba kana Samatenga. Pamitemo yekunyora tinoenderera mberi tichitarisa mashandisirwo chaiwo enyora (punctuation). Shongedzo idzi dzinosiyana zvichienderana nechirevo chizere tinofanirwa kuisa chindaguma pekupedzisira. Chindaguma (full stop) (.) chinoratidza kuti chirevo chaguma.

Chifemo (,) (comma) chinoshandiswa pakati wandei. Chifemo chinogona kushandiswa pose panopatsanurwa zvinhu zvizhinji sekuti, Sekuru vanochengeta mbudzi, madhongi, makwayi nemombe. Chifemo chinoshanda zvakare pose panonyorwa mazwi etsanangudzo sekuti; Musikana ari pano uyu, muzukuru wangu. Chinoshandiswa zvakare panoratidza mazwi emutauri sekuti, “Chipo akati, Ndinoda kuenda ndanonoka”.

Chifemo zvakare chinoshanda pakubatanidza pfungwa sekuti: Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura, hove dzakafa munzizi. Chinodiwa zvakare panobatanidzwa zvidimbu (clauses) zvechirevo sekudai, Murimi mukuru VaChoga, avo vanobva kwaRusape, vakapihwa mubairo mukuru.
Chibvunzo (?) (question mark) chinoshanda pose panoperera mubvunzo sezvizvi, “Mwana uyu auya nani?” Pane pamwe patinoshandisa mazwi anoratidza kushamisika kana kushevedzera. Ipapo nepatinonyora zvirevo zvekuratidza kushamisika tinoshandisa chikuwo (!) (exclamation mark) pose panopera zvirevo izvozvo.

Zvidonhwe (:) (colon) zvinoshanda pose panoratidzwa kuti pane zvinhu zvakawanda zviri kuda kudomwa kana kuti pane mazwi achatevera sekuti; Ndakaona mhuka zhinji dzinoti: nzou, shumba, mhara, nhoro, nyati nemapfeni.
Tichaenderera mberi tichitarisawo zvimwe zvakaita sechidonhwegasva nezvikombero.