Kushandiswa kwevana kwaderera: ilo

SANGANO rinoona nezvevashandi pasi rose, reInternational Labour Organisation (ILO), rinoti huwandu hwevana vari kushandiswa mabasa asiri ezera ravo pasi rose hwakaderera kubva pa246 miriyoni kuenda pa168 miriyoni kubvira mugore ra2000. Asi zvakadaro, vana vanodarika 85 miriyoni pasi rose vanonzi vari kushanda mabasa anokuvadza, kunyangwe zvazvo pave nekuderera kwehuwandu uhwo hwakange huri pa171 miriyoni muna 2000.

Matunhu eAsia nePacific ndiwo anonzi ane nyika dzichine huwandu hwakanyanya hwevana vari kushandiswa mabasa anokuvadza avo vanosvika 78 miriyoni.

Nerimwe divi, dunhu reSub-Saharan Africa rinonzi rine vana 59 miriyoni vari kushandawo mabasa anokuvadza.
Kune vana 13 miriyoni (8.8%) vari kushandiswa zvisiri pamutemo kunyika dzakadai seLatin America neCaribbean ukuwo kuMiddle East neNorth Africa kuine 9.2 miriyoni (8.4%).

Mumabasa ezvekurima ndimo makanyanyira nyaya dzekushandiswa kwevana.
Magwaro akaburitswa eThe 2014 Child Labour Report of 2014 (ZIMSTAT) anoratidza kuti vana 4,45 miriyoni pasi rose vane makore anobvira pa7 kusvika 10 ekuberekwa vari kushanda mumabasa anosimudzira upfumi hwenyika dzavo. Vamwe vevana ava vanonzi havabhadharwe.

Zvichakadaro, Zimbabwe yakakumikidza zvisungo zvemutemo weILO Convention No. 138 neNo 182 muna 2000 izvo zvinorambidza kushandiswa kwevana vasati vabva zera. Chikamu cheSection 81 chebumbiro remutemo weZimbabwe chiri pamusoro pekodzero dzevana icho chinorambidza kushandiswa kwevasati vabva zera. Mutemo unoona nezvevashandi, weLabour Act, Chapter 28.01 neunoona nezvevana, weChildren’s Act, Chapter 5.06, inochengetedza vana kuti vasashandiswe zvisiri pamutemo.

Pane budiriro huru iri kuonekwa panyaya iyi kuburikidza nekudzikira kwekushandiswa kwevana vasati vabva zera. Mugore ra2014, chikamu chevana vane makore ari pakati pe5 ne14 okuberekwa vanonzi vaishandiswa uye huwandu uhu hwakadzikira kubva pachikamu che9.8% muna 2011.

Pasi pemutemo webumbiro idzva reZimbabwe, munhu wose ane makore ari pasi pe18 okuberekwa anotorwa semwana nokudaro haakodzeri kunge achipinzwa basa.

Zvakadaro, kushandiswa kwevana kunokanganisa raramo yavo mune zvakasiyana sekuti vamwe vanotadza kuenda kuchikoro.
Mamwe emabasa ari kuitiswa vana pasi rose anoita kuti vashaye hunhu kana kuvhiringa mafungiro avo.

Zvinangwa zvegore ra2015 zvine donzvo rekuona kuti vanasikana nevanakomana vapedza dzidzo yavo yepuraimari izere.
Panofanira kunge pane sungawirirano pamusoro pemakore akakodzera kuti vana vashande zvichiitwa nemushandirapamwe wemasangano akazvimiririra, Hurmende uye pachida zvakare rutsigiro rwemari.

Munyika dzakawanda zvikoro zvakatarisana nematambudziko ekushaya zvekushandisa zvinodiwa mufundo uye izvi zvinosanganisirawo vadzidzi vanenge vakawanda mukirasi imwe chete pamwe nekushaikwa kwevarairidzi vakadzidzira basa, kunyanya kumaruwa. Vamwe vana zvakare vanogumira padanho repuraimari izvo zvinoita kuti vatsvage mabasa vasati vabva zera.

Nekudaro zvakakosha kuti nyika dzisimudzire nyaya dzedzidzo pamwe nekufundiswa kwevanhu mabasa.
Sangano reILO rinotsigira zvikuru varairidzi mukuita basa ravo kuti vashande vakasununguka.

Zvisinei nezvimhingamipinyi zvakatarisanwa nazvo, pane budiriro huru iripo pamusoro pekurwisa kushandiswa kwevana.
Pane kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwevana mumakore 10 adarika uye huwandu hwevana vave kuenda kuchikoro huri kuwedzera.