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Wendy Madzura
KURIMA nekugadzirira munda zvakanaka (good tillage and land preparation):
Panguva ino varimi kumativi mana enyika vari kubata mabasa akasiyana paminda yavo. Varimi vechibage vari kukohwa, kana hunyoro hwechibage hwasvika pa12.5%. Kuvarimi ava kuridziro yedu ndeyekuti vachengetedze goho ravo zvakanaka kuti vasarasikirwe naro (post-harvest losses) pahuwandu kana hunaku (quantity or quality).
Pane ino nguva varimi vembesa dzemuriwo vari kudyara, kuriritira kana kukohwa zvirimwa zvakaita semakabichi (Fabiola, Delight), peas (Snow Wind, Sugar Snap, Reina) nemiriwo (Rampat rape) iyo inoita nguva ino.
Vamwe vane mbesa dzinobatwa nechando vari kudzivirira mbesa dzavo kubva kuchando (frost). Varimi vegorosi tinotarisira kuti vakapedza kudyara zvekuti vave mubishi kuriritira chirimwa chavo icho chiri muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvekukura.
Kumataivi mana enyika, tiri kuona kuti varimi vaya vasina madiridziro vave kutanga kurima minda yavo vachigadzirira mwaka unotevera. Nhasi tinoda kubata zvekurima munda (tillage and land preparation) nokuti tinoda kuti varimi vaite izvi nemazvo uye nenguva.
Zvakakosha kuti varimi vasarudze nzira dzekurima minda nehungwaru nokuti kurima munda zvakanaka ndiyo hoko yekurima zvine pundutso, uye zvichipa utano kuvhu nekuchengetedza hunyoro. Izvi zvinozoonekwa panguva refu inotevera (long-term soil fertility and soil moisture retention).
Kurima munda kunoita kuti ivhu riregedzere zvichiita kuti midzi ikwanise kudzika muvhu zvakanaka. Midzi inobva yakwanisa kutora mafetireza nemvura muvhu kuti mbesa dzikura zvakanaka
Kurima munda zvakanaka kunopinza mhepo muvhu zvichibatsira mbeu kuti dzikure zvakanaka.
Kurima zvakanaka kunobatsira kusanganisa manyowa, mishonga yesora nemafetireza muvhu, izvo zvinovandutsa mamiriro evhu (soil structure), uye zvichibva zvawedzera utano hwevhu.
Zvirwere, tumbuyu nesora zvinouraiwa kana varimi vachinge varima zvakanaka nekuti vanenge vapindura ivhu.
Izvi zvinobatsira kuti mbesa dzimere pamwe chete (uniform crop emergence) nekukura zvakafanana, mhedzisiro varimi vowana goho repamusoro.
Pakurima, varimi vanofanira kucherechedza kutenuka kunenge kwakaita munda (slope). Musarime munda wakanyanya kutenuka nekuti zvinoita kuti ivhu rikukurwe nemhepo kana nemvura (erosion).
Kana muchirima, zvakakosha kuti mutevedze ma”contour lines”, kunyanya pamunda une materu. Varimi vanofanira kushandisa midziyo inokodzera pakurima (implements). Onai kuti midziyo yamuri kushandisa inoenderana nemhando (type) nekukura (size) muchitarisa zvipfuyo zvenyu – mombe kana madhongi.
Kuvarimi veminda mikuru, cherechedzai kuti mune midziyo yekurimisa yakadii – sarudzo yemidziyo yekurimisa inofanira kucherechedza mbesa dzose dzichada kutevera pamunda (rotations). Varimi vanofanira kutarisa vashandi vavanavo (labour) pamunda nemari dzichashandiswa (cost) kusanganisira mafuta etirakita (fuel).
Tinokurudzira kuti varimi vacherechedze zvakanaka nezvisina kunaka panzira dzose dzekurima vasati vaita sarudzo (advantages and disadavntages). Tinodaro nokuti kusandura nzira yekurima pamunda kunounza nyaya yekutenga kana kuhaya midziyo mitsva.
Nzira dzekurima dzinoshandiswa nevarimi dzakawanda asi varimi vanofanira kusarudza nzira inoita kuti vawane pundutso (yield and profit) pakushanda kwavo. Varimi vanofanira kucherechedza kuti nzira dzavasarudza hadzikanganise nharaunda (environment) nevhu.
Tichitarisa varimi vanoshandisa mombe kana madhongi, tinoona kuti mombe dzinokwanisa kushandisirwa joki (yoke) nokuti dzinogadzira simba kubva pahuro (necks and withers). Tochiona kuti joki hariite kushandisa pamadhongi nokuti anogadzira simba rawo kubva pachipfuva (chest).
Wendy Madzura mudhumeni weSeed Co uye anobatika panhare dzinoti 0713 270 080 kana 0773 270 080
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